Scientific News of Academy of Physical Education and Sport

UNDERSTANDING SPORT ORGANIZATION FROM ORGANIZATIONAL POINT OF VIEW

2025-05-02T05:03:47-06:00

Understanding and dealing with any organization depends to a large extent on the manager's knowledge of fundamental organizational concepts and understanding of the organization from the point of view of various definitions. The article defines the organization from various perspectives, and especially from the point of view of organization theory and various systems theories. Based on the definition of the organization in general, a sports organization will be defined and the fundamental characteristics of a sports organization will be presented. In the following, fundamental organizational terms are presented, among which we include organizational functions, organizational processes and organizational structures. In the last part of the article a different type of sports organizations and definition and characteristics of sport market will be presented.

RESEARCH PROCESS OF PREPARING HIGH-LEVEL CHESS PLAYERS TO PLAY WITH A SPECIFIC OPPONENT DURING COMPETITION

2025-05-02T05:03:36-06:00

Despite the fact that the process of training high-level chess players has been thoroughly studied, the technical changes of recent decades – such as the emergence of the internet, personal computers, and chess software – require a fresh look at this process.

Using the variety of electronic gaming platforms that have emerged thanks to computers and websites that are an integral part of today, the article presents suggestions and recommendations for preparing for a match with a specific opponent in a competition. One of the pressing problems of the modern sport of chess is the process of preparing high-level chess players with a specific opponent during competitions. In the books of famous grandmasters A. Kotov, Z. Bondarevsky and others, who subsequently developed this topic in their works, it is clearly seen that, as a rule, the studies were carried out according to the scheme analyzed under the signature of M. Botvinnik. Mark Dvoretsky, one of the famous coaches in the chess world, analyzed in detail the process of preparing for a match with an individual opponent during a competition, as well as for the competition as a whole. Just as one of the main characteristics that ensured the development of a chess player about 50-60 years ago was his ability to read, depending on how well he assimilated the material collected from chess books and magazines, it would be a mistake to ignore the importance of chess computer programs and chess sites in the development of a modern chess player. The article analyzes and examines the relevance of the process of preparing high-level chess players to play with a specific opponent during competitions, and also systematizes a number of recommendations. To eliminate and solve the problem raised in the article, the «Chessbase mechanism» is proposed for high-level chess players and coaches.

PEDAGOGY IN SPORTS AS A PART OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

2025-05-02T05:03:25-06:00

İdmanda pedaqogika tədris prosesində beş əsas funksiyanı yerinə yetirir: nəzəri-fundamental, hazırlıq, informasiya xarakterli, tövsiyə xarakterli və refleksiv.

Bu funksiyalar tələbələrin idman-elmi biliklərini inkişaf etdirir, onları peşə fəaliyyətlərinə hazırlaşdırır və gələcək idman mütəxəssislərinə praktik fəaliyyətləri planlaşdırmaqda və həyata keçirməkdə yol göstərir.

İxtisaslaşmış hazırlıq mərhələsində idmanda pedaqogika məcburi bir fənn kimi öyrədilir və ümumi tədris həcminin 8%-ni təşkil edir. Bu fənn tələbələrin peşəkar və elmi biliklərini artırmaqla yanaşı, onların humanist inkişafına da töhfə verir.

Tələbələr əlavə mühazirə kurslarında və seminarlarda iştirak edir, məsələn, “İdmanda əxlaq. Yeni idman etikasının elementləri” və “İdmanda pedaqogikada aktual tədqiqat tendensiyaları.” Bu kurslar tələbələrin yalnız nəzəri biliklərini deyil, həm də mənəvi-əxlaqi dəyərlərini formalaşdırmağa kömək edir.

Beləliklə, idmanda pedaqogika təkcə peşəkar hazırlığın deyil, həm də şəxsiyyətin hərtərəfli inkişafının əsas vasitələrindən biri kimi çıxış edir.

PREDICTION IN SPORTS

2025-05-02T05:03:14-06:00

In modern times, the spread of a social phenomenon such as sports in the world requires immediate forecasting. Every athlete's training should be based on a predicttive system. During training, it is possible to monitor the progress of athletes' physical fitness and sports performance, compare the results with theoretical expectations and make adjustments to the training plan if necessary, thereby keeping the entire training process under control. If the forecasts indicate that there may be undesirable results in future competitions, then the training process should be organized in such a way that it prevents the results from decreasing and serves to increase the results. If the forecast shows that the results are changing in a favorable direction, then work in this direction should be more actively organized in order to achieve a higher result. The importance of forecasting in the research of the future development strategy of sports and the methods used in forecasting are discussed in the article.

DEVELOPMENT IN SPORT PEDAGOGY

2025-05-02T05:03:02-06:00

The role of sport in the spiritual and intellectual development of the individual is remarkable. The ways, methods and means of developing and implementing this issue have always been an important task for science. This paper examines contemporary learning theory and its previous application in the sportcoaching. Contemporary societies require professionals and citizens who are lifelonglearners, problem solvers, reflective independent learners, and creative and innovative thinkers. Students studying sports are the coaches of the future, that is, potential educators. Therefore, they must constantly monitor innovations in sports pedagogy and be closely familiar with the principles of the training process.

HYBRID WARS

2025-05-02T05:02:50-06:00

The article examines the characteristics, goals and significance of hybrid warfare, and analyzes the organization and implementation of this activity. It explains the history of the emergence of hybrid warfare and its differences from classical wars. Hybrid warfare is an objective activity that is a key component of the process of world redistribution. The issues of public relations, military and civil activity within the country are covered in detail.

IMPACT OF SPORT AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION ON SOCIETY, HEALTH AND ECONOMY

2025-05-02T05:02:39-06:00

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of sports and physical education on various aspects of society, including health, social development, and the economy. The author emphasizes not only the positive effects of sports on physical health but also its psychological and social benefits, focusing on the individual and collective advantages of physical education within society. The article demonstrates that regular physical activity plays a significant role in preventing and treating chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and hypertension, while also strengthening the nervous system and mental health by preventing stress and depression.

In the conclusion, the author highlights the importance of sports and physical education as a key factor contributing to both the social and economic development of society. It is stated that encouraging regular physical ac

tivities, especially among youth, and increasing investment in the sports sector would help improve the overall well-being of society and strengthen the national economy. Investments in the sports sector not only create sports infrastructure but also have a significant impact on the social and economic development of the country, emphasizing the importance of additional attention and support for this field.

This article provides an important scientific contribution by thoroughly examining the social and economic benefits of sports and offering essential information to increase public interest in this area. It is a detailed study that emphasizes how important sports and physical education are not only for personal health but also for collective well-being and economic development.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INDICATORS OF PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE OF ATHLETES

2025-05-02T05:02:28-06:00

The main objective of the study was to investigate physiological reactions aimed at increasing physical performance, as well as the functional state of the athletes' body at rest and during physical exertion. From a comparative analysis of the results of checking the level of indicators of physical performance of athletes and assessing its changes in 2023 and 2024, we can draw some conclusions regarding the fact of accumulation of fatigue in the athletes' body, which can lead to the development of excessive fatigue due to the ineffective use of means, methods and technologies for organizing the training process. We believe that it is necessary to more carefully approach the planning and implementation of recovery activities during the competitive period and to comply with the standards of recovery processes for athletes.

EVALUATION OF PATIENTS WITH GONARTHROSIS, MEASUREMENT OF DRUG TOLERANCE, DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW TREATMENT PROCEDURE

2025-04-25T00:53:06-06:00

Gonarthrosis is one of the most common chronic diseases of the musculoskeletal system. This disease affects the quality of life of young and middle-aged people in particular. Gonarthrosis is caused by damage and wear of the articular cartilage, and this process can lead to pain, swelling, limited movement and eventually disability over time. The conducted research consists of the literature review, the use of new combined rehabilitation procedures and the evaluation of the treatment results for the treatment of people suffering from gonarthrosis.

FEATURES OF THE PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL STATES OF ATHLETES

2025-05-02T05:02:17-06:00

The presented review of domestic and foreign scientific journals is devoted to the state of study of the problem of the psychophysiological state of athletes.

The review provides a differential analysis of concepts such as the functional state, psychological state, psychophysiological state and psychophysiological status of athletes. A review of the results of prospective studies of factors that allow differentiating and individualizing the training loads of athletes, regardless of their sports specialties, is presented. The need to take into account individualtypological differences in the psychophysiological parameters of athletes is noted, and the need for a comprehensive analysis of the factors that determine and influence their psychophysiological state is emphasized.

THE ROLE OF ANABOLIC STEROIDS IN THE LIVES OF ATHLETES

2025-05-02T05:02:05-06:00

Anabolics are various chemical substances that enhance biosynthetic processes in the body, particularly protein synthesis. Their general pharmacological mechanism of action is aimed at increasing catabolism and energy processes in the human body. Due to an increase in the number of erythrocytes, cellular respiration and the oxygen transport function of the blood also improve. Unlike corticosteroids, anabolic steroids reduce the formation of platelet clots in capillaries and decrease blood coagulation, which can hinder microcirculation during intense physical activity. Athletes taking anabolics, especially weightlifters, may develop edema, particularly Cushing's edema. With maximum anabolic steroid intake, athletes exhibit unexplained aggression and increased irritability. If adolescents take anabolic steroids during puberty, their intellectual self-regulation level moderately decreases. There are optimal dosage levels for steroid intake. The number of receptors that bind anabolic substances is limited, and once saturated, excess drugs cause complications in the body. When using steroids, the daily caloric intake should be between 4000–7000 kcal. To enhance catabolism, athletes should engage in intense training. The simultaneous intake of multiple steroids is not recommended. Preference should be given to steroids administered via intramuscular injection.

ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF AGE CHARACTERISTICS ON SPORTS TRAINING

2025-05-02T05:01:54-06:00

Physical activity during childhood and adolescence has a positive effect on brain development and cognitive function, especially the development of the musculoskeletal system. Moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity in children and adolescents positively correlates with cognitive flexibility of memory, reaction time, attention. At the same time, a healthier body mass and mass index lead to improved executive functions in school-age children and adolescents. The article provides an analysis of the age characteristics of children and adolescents according to literature sources.

VITAMINS IN THE LIFE OF ATHLETES

2025-05-02T05:01:44-06:00

Intense training and the participation of athletes in various competitions constantly deplete the essential substances the body needs to maintain optimal functioning. Therefore, vitamin complexes are created for athletes that have a beneficial effect on the bo

Proper nutrition, rich in vitamin and mineral complexes, will strengthen the overall health of the athlete and allow him to achieve better sports results.

APPLICATION OF THERAPEUTIC EXERCİSE METHODS IN THE REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS OF THE KNEE JOINTS

2025-05-02T05:01:32-06:00

In the article, the methods of therapeutic exercise (training) and the determination of the bending angle of the knee joints were presented in the rehabilitation of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joints. During rehabilitation, first isometric, later stages isotonic and isokinetic movements, as well as PNF, MULLIGAN therapy, kinesiotaping, and physiotherapy devices were used. According to the results of the conducted studies, while the bending angle was low in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joints of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd degree, after 10 sessions of treatment, 7% of the patients of the 1st and 2nd degree, and 5% of the patients of the 3rd and 4th degree had a positive result. As a re-sult of the use of therapeutic sports techniques, the range of motion of the knee joint increases, the biomechanical load on the knee joint dec-reases, pain is prevented, and the stimulation of daily life increases.

MODELING THE SYSTEMIC IMPACT OF TRADITIONAL KARATE-DO TRAINING ON ADOLESCENTS WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL PROBLEMS

2025-05-02T05:01:21-06:00

Thanks to the introduction of Karate-do into the world sports arena, sports competitions have become stronger. The traditional training system does not fully meet the requirements of real sports competitions and does not take into account the unity of technique and tactics, which is an important specific principle. However, by filling the scientific and methodological gap in technical and tactical training, it is possible to improve the quality of karate competitions. The relevance of the problem considered in the article lies in the connection of coaches (sports managers in a

broader sense) with the responsibility for making decisions on the creation and structure of self-development systems of the “athlete-soldier” type. In this regard, the effectiveness of actions can only be assessed as a result of modeling, that is, the development of dynamic models to guide and achieve the goal of an athlete capable of winning large-scale competitions.

ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL OF PHYSICAL FITNESS LEVEL OF PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL PLAYERS PARTICIPATING IN THE AZERBAIJAN PREMIER LEAGUE OF THE COMPOTETION STAGE

2025-05-02T05:01:10-06:00

The article presents an analysis of the physic al fitness of professional football players of Azerbaijan in the competitive period of 2023-2024. It has been established that the level of physical training of professional football players of Azerbaijan does not correspond to the European standard, because in the training of football players of Azerbaijan there is no unified objective program for managing the physical training of players and, as a result, the inability of the coaching staff to create a specifically capable team against European teams.

HIGH PERFORMANCE OF A BOXER DURING A FIGHT BASED ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIAL ENDURANCE

2025-05-02T05:00:58-06:00

From the point of view of the degree of manifestation of physical qualities and the reaction method of the body, boxing is one of those sports that are characterized by a complex manifestation of motor qualities. Boxing belongs to the category of individual special endurance sports, characterized by high-intensity physical activity. The development of an athlete's special endurance in boxing, along with technical training, is one of the most important factors in achieving victory. The article discusses the methodology for developing the specific endurance of boxers based on similar physiological effects of running loads and specific work on training tools. A feature of these exercises is the integration of effects on the energy systems that ensure the activity of boxers (anaerobic, glycolytic anaerobic and alactate anaerobic) and the approximation of the athlete's activity to the conditions of a boxing match. One of the advantages that training complexes offer is the creation of a "foundation" of special endurance

based on running exercises.

For an effective impact on the body of athletes, the correct selection of special training tools and methods is necessary. In the modern world, there are various methods and tools aimed at developing specific endurance, but there are many interpretations that question the validity of their application. Thus, a contradiction arises: in order to achieve high results in boxing, it is necessary to have a sufficient level of development of special endurance, today this level indicated in sparring check and competition fights is not enough. Based on the resulting contradiction, a research problem has been formulated, in which there is a need for a rational choice of means and methods for special training of young-boxers and the ineffectiveness of existing approaches.

DEVELOPMENT OF SPEED-POWER MOTOR ABILITIES DURING PAD WORK TRAINING, CHARACTERIZATION OF THEIR CONNECTION WITH FUNCTIONAL SYSTEMS AND TRAINING METHODS

2025-05-02T05:00:47-06:00

This article explores the impact of pad work exercises on the development of speed-strength qualities in boxers. Using specific training methodologies aimed at enhancing these qualities, the study analyzes the relationship between their development and the functional systems of the athlete’s body. The research findings indicate that pad work not only improves speed and strength characteristics but also optimizes the athlete's functional conditioning. The primary objective of this work is to emphasize the importance of refining the methodological approaches used in practical training and the necessity of adhering to proper coaching guidelines throughout the preparation process.

THE STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNICAL TRAINING IN PRELIMINARY PREPARATION AND TRAINING GROUPS FOR HANDBALL

2025-05-02T05:00:36-06:00

The level of development of modern handball, its competitiveness is determined by solving the problems and methods of training the reserve force of professional handball players. In order to realize this, first of all, the main task of restructuring the teaching-training process with children and young people is to organize it in the content that will meet modern requirements and ensure their comprehensive preparation. The direction of development of youth handball, its content and tasks is to realize the main goal of physical education. Currently, the number of children and young people playing handball reaches millions. Because the number of professional

handball clubs in UGIM, IOEUGIM and also in general education schools is increasing day by day. International handball organizations BHF, AHF and IOC provide conditions for the development of these young people as professional handball players. In order to take advantage of these conditions, it is appropriate to attract children and young people who are selected on scientific-methodical grounds and who are more selected by their individual capabilities to these groups.

FROM THE HISTORY OF SUMO WRESTLING

2025-05-02T05:00:26-06:00

Sumo is one of the oldest national wrestling styles in Japan. It is believed that the word "sumo" originated from the Japanese verb "sumafu." From this verb, the noun "sumahi" was derived, which, over hundreds of years, evolved into "sumai" and later into "sumo."

The earliest records of sumo appear in Japan’s oldest written monument, the Kojiki. In ancient times, the Japanese believed that a victorious wrestler was under the gods' protection and was thus revered as a living talisman, bringing happiness and a bountiful harvest.

Modern sumo traces its origins to the Edo period. During the Edo era, around 70 techniques were fully developed, rituals were established, and competition rules were refined – remaining almost unchanged to this day. The highest rank in sumo is Yokozuna, a title that has existed for approximately 300 years. Sumo wrestling is known for its unique rituals. This article provides a brief overview of the history, rules, and traditions of sumo wrestling.

FROM THE WEIGHT-CUTTING EXPERIENCE OF AZERBAIJAN’S VETERAN WRESTLERS

2025-05-02T05:00:15-06:00

The concept of weight cutting includes modern sports training systems, rational nutrition (with a gradual reduction in volume and caloric intake), fluid intake restriction, pharmacotherapy, various heat procedures, psychological influence techniques on the athlete, and more. Weight cutting begins when an athlete expects to reduce their body weight by more than 3 kg. It is a complex and demanding process that requires significant effort. One of the key factors determining the feasibility and appropriateness of weight cutting for any athlete is the wrestler’s constitutional characteristics, age, psychological traits, health status, and functional condition.

This article discusses the weight-cutting experiences of veteran Azerbaijani wrestlers while also reviewing perspectives on weight cutting found in the literature.

When selecting weight-cutting methods, an athlete’s individual physiological and physical characteristics must be taken into account. Otherwise, it can lead to serious complications for the athlete. As a result, such complications can not only jeopardize an athlete’s career but also pose significant health risks. Therefore, to minimize the negative consequences of weight cutting, it is recommended to educate athletes on managing the weight-cutting period effectively.

THE STUDY OF THE COACH OF RESPONSIBILITIES AND THE TRAINING METHODS IN THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PREPARATION OF BOXERS FOR COMPETITIONS

2025-05-02T05:00:04-06:00

The article has been prepared as part of a large-scale study conducted within the framework of a master's dissertation with the same title, which is currently at its initial stage.

The topic emphasizes the importance of psychological preparation for athletes in boxing. The problem and relevance of this topic consist of several aspects.

In boxing, a highly demanding sport both physically and psychologically, the successful performance of athletes depends not only on their physical skills but also on their psychological preparation. Physical strength and technical knowledge alone are not sufficient for boxers to achieve success in competitions. How they adapt to psychological pressures, stress, fears, disappointments, and other emotional states during competitions is of great importance. For this reason, the psychological preparation of boxers has become one of the key elements of their performance.

The role of the coach in this preparation is to manage the boxer's psychological state, prepare them properly for competitions, and help them overcome psychological barriers. Training methods are tools used to develop and improve the psychological state of boxers. The correct selection and application of these methods enable the optimal implementation of the athlete's psychological preparation.

DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FOR PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS IN AZERBAIJAN

2025-05-02T04:59:53-06:00

The article discusses the key issues of the development of physical culture and sports in Azerbaijan, the number of people involved in physical education and sports, the number of sports facilities and much more. are being analyzed. The development of physical culture and sports is undoubtedly one of the main strategic tasks of our country. The development of both mass sports and sports of the highest achievements is discussed at the highest level and is in the focus of attention of the president, president of the Olympic Committee.

THE INFLUENCE OF OUTDOOR EDUCATION AND OUTDOOR GAMES ON SELF-DISCIPLINE AND PROPER BEHAVIOR IN OUR MODERN DAYS

2025-05-02T04:59:42-06:00

This study aims to test how big the impact of Outdoor Education and Outdoor games are against the self-esteem concept and behavior of our Students of lyceum. The sample in this research totaled 32 students, using purposive sampling. The method the authors use in this research is a method of experiments. The instrument used the questionnaire Self-Concept Scale and the Assertive Scale. The results showed that Outdoor Education and Outdoor Games significantly impact Self-Concept and Assertive behavior. Suggestions for further research, with a treatment such as Pool Games against self-concept and assertiveness.

THE ROLE OF THE MASS DEVELOPMENT OF INDIVIDUAL SPORTS IN AZERBAIJANI VILLAGES IN THE MODERN OLYMPIC MOVEMENT

2025-05-02T04:59:30-06:00

Mass sports are regular classes and competitions in existing sports for representatives of different age groups to strengthen health, correct physical development and body structure, improve general and specific work skills, acquire individual life skills and habits, have active rest, and achieve physical perfection.

Mass sports allow millions of people to improve their physical qualities and mobility, strengthen their health, and extend creative longevity, which in modern economic conditions means tolerance to undesirable effects on the human body and everyday living conditions.

The tasks of mass sports largely repeat the tasks of physical education, but regular physical exercises and training are carried out with a sports orientation.

From this perspective, the mass development of sports is currently one of the most pressing issues. Because the development of sports is no longer measured solely by the number of medals won by countries in this field. It also paves the way for the political, social, and economic integration of countries.

In Azerbaijan, after the years of independence, attention has been paid to the development of mass sports. This, of course, is clearly evident in the current state of sports.

However, we still have certain problems in the development of sports. Our potential in this area has been underutilized.

The article examines several ways to achieve mass participation in sports and maximize our potential. Specifically, it analyzes what needs to be done to focus on the development of rural sports.